American Demographics, Sep 1997 v19 n9 p2(1)
Equal-opportunity poverty: the pool of people who work a lot but earn a
little has
widened. (Editorial) Diane Crispell.
Full
Text: COPYRIGHT 1997 American Demographics Inc. The pool of people who
work a lot but earn a
little has widened.
One
in five American men doesn't earn enough to lift a family of four out of
poverty, according to the article on
page 53. The numbers for women are even more dismal. We're not talking
about people who can't or won't
make the effort to work, but those who are putting in hours on jobs.
People
who work 40 hours a week, 52 weeks a year, at the minimum wage in place
as of September 1 ($5.15
an hour) earn $10,400 a year. When I graduated from college in the early
1980s, $5 a hour was well above the
minimum wage. It wasn't exactly equivalent to the starting salaries of
my friends with engineering degrees, but it
was easily enough to live on--as a single person without a car.
It's
still not bad pocket money for a young adult who lives at home with parents
who pay most of the bills. It's
fine for someone whose spouse brings home substantially more bacon. Those
who oppose raising the minimum
wage argue that most of the people who earn it are in these kinds of situations;
not primary breadwinners, that
is. But it doesn't change the fact that even those who earn 40 percent
above the minimum wage are barely able
to support four people.
This
might sound radical, but I don't believe education is the answer. Not the
only answer, anyway. Even if
every single young person in the U.S. received a college degree, they wouldn't
all get high-paying, high-skilled
jobs. We still need millions of people to man cash registers, wait tables,
change bedpans, and do other things
that require little in the way of formal education, but much in the way
of common sense, physical strength, and
compassion. Besides, everyone is not college material. This isn't a value
judgment; it's truth. The reason why it's
such a painful one is because it matters more than it used to.
Some
so-called unskilled work is still valued highly enough to keep its practitioners
above the poverty line.
Garbage collectors and construction workers (unionized ones, at least)
make a decent living for doing hard but
vital work in uncomfortable conditions. For the most part, however, an
information economy prizes brains over
brawn.
No
one seems to have a solution to this dilemma. It's not exactly new. There
have always been crummy jobs.
Sometimes the people who do them are women or children; sometimes they
are slaves or other oppressed
minorities. The difference in the U.S. of the nearly 21st century is that
the opportunity for low-paying, unvalued
jobs has become more equitable. Now white men have them, too. This isn't
the reason why we should care
about it more now; but maybe it's why it should scare us more.