Environmental Studies Program Courses

Admissions

Student Resources
Faculty
Contact Us
ESSA
Graduation Update
CSUF
CSUF WEB
CSUF PEOPLE

Environmental Studies Program Suggested Courses

In total, a minimum of thirty-six (36) units is required by each student. This list is a current inventory of classes applicable to the ENST and Cross Disciplinary Electives requirement. They are merely suggestions. This inventory fluctuates, as courses are added or deleted each semester and/or year. Should a course become available you wish to take, speak with the Coordinator regarding its appropriateness. ENST course schedules are abbreviated as follows: (F) Fall, (S) Spring, (Su) Summer and (I) Infrequent. Due to scheduling differences and availability of professors courses/schedules may change.

Class Schedule 
 Required Core Courses ||| Planning Course||| ENST Electives ||| Project/Thesis ||| Extended Education ||| Cross-Disciplinary Electives

ENST Required Core Courses (9 Units) Top of Page
ENST 500 Envir. Issues and Approaches Introduction to the University and ENST Program also how to be a successful graduate student. Exposes students to a variety of experiences they will encounter as a graduate student. Students prepare seminars and papers on research design for potential thesis topics. Meets graduate writing requirement.
ENST 510 Envir. Eval and Protection Environmental parameters (water, air, solid wastes, noise, radiation, etc.). Techniques in monitoring and measurement; effect on human health; environmental quality standards and controls. Demonstrations and field trips.
ENST 520 Environmental Research & Analysis Research methods and statistics used in the field of environmental studies. Research tools used in such areas as environmental field studies, environmental experiments, social environmental impacts, environmental attitudes and behavior, and environmental trend analysis. Use of secondary data sources and computer required.
ENST Planning Course (3 Units) Top of Page
ENST 595 Environmental Planning An examination of problems and techniques involved in environmental planning, including CEQA, environmental impact statements, zoning, general plans and other planning strategies.
GEOG 478 Urban Planning Principles (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 370 or POSC 320 or consent of instructor. Seminar/discussion on the conceptual themes and legal foundations of American urban planning. Policy areas associate with urbanization and suburbanization processes: land use, economic development, redevelopment, housing systems, neighborhood dynamics and growth management. (Same as POSC 478)
GEOG 482 Environmental Impact Assessment (3) Prerequisites: GEOG 350, 431, 478, or equivalent. Techniques relevant to environmental impact assessment in accord with CEQA (state) and NEPA (federal) regulations. Systematic evaluation of major environmental impact topics. Individual and small team activities.
GEOG 484 Urban Planning Methods (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 478 or POSC 478. Seminar and Practicum on methods in urban planning. Analytical techniques and basic data sources. Population forecasting, housing surveys, economic development, fiscal impacts and area revitalization. Individual and team projects. (Same as POSC 484)
GEOG 488 Land Use Analysis (3) Prerequisites: upper-division standing and consent of instructor. Urban and rural land use and settlement; geographic field problems. Application of geographic techniques and tools to local field studies.
ENST Electives (9 - 15 Units) Top of Page
ENST 595T Topics in Environmental Problems:

Various environmental topics (T), contemporary or historic, that focus on problems (e.g., law, endangered habitats, planning, global environmental issues, etc.). Topic chosen and outline will be circulated prior to registration. May be repeated up to five (5) times (with different topics) for credit.

  Air Quality Management (F) A detailed study of: stationary/mobile sources of pollution, technical/engineering aspects of air quality management, control technologies and pollution prevention and regulations at local, state and federal levels will be presented in a lecture/seminar setting.
  Environmental Activism & Organization (S) Survey and comparison of environmental organizations. Organizational and management problems, including: top-down versus bottom-up structures, membership, training programs, information systems, objectives, activist strategies, funding sources, budgets and financial statements.
  Environmental Change (S) Examine broad processes of human-induced environmental change, both global, and regional. The course will survey literature on the nature of the large-scale changes in the earth's environmental systems that have accompanied historical changes in cultures, society, economics, politics, and technology.
  Environmental Dispute Resolution (F) Principles and practices of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in the environmental policy arena. Students will learn the concepts and concerns of ADR and be able to apply them to actual cases and practices.
  Environmental Economics & Policy (I)  
  Environmental Ethics (S)  
  Environmental Hydrology (I)  
  Environmental Law (Su) Course Syllabus
  Environmental Politics & Policy (I)  
  Environmental Regulation (S) This course is intended for graduate students who are interested in the structure and analysis of government regulations concerning the environment. The approach to the course is not intended to be limited to either social or natural sciences, but rather concerns the important interaction between environmental sciences, law and politics. Students will be allowed some flexibility in terms of their focus in course assignments, but it will be expected that all students familiarize themselves with the related scientific or political concepts to the topics at hand. Course Syllabus (pdf file)
  Endangered Habitats (S) An analysis of endangered habitats in Southern California including: description and location of habitats, reasons for endangerment, legal issues and efficacy of restoration and re-vegetation projects. Two field trips (TBA) to various habitats will be required.
  Endangered Primates (I)  
  Global Environmental Issues (F) This course explores the major global environmental issues facing humanity. Included are such topics as: population, waste management, water, air and soil quality, agricultural challenges, deforestation, biodiversity, energy, climate change and the potential for sustainability.
  Hazardous Waste Management (I)  
  Solid Waste Management (F) Environmental aspects of solid waste issues and life-cycle analysis. Topics include laws, regulations, policies, waste generation, source reduction, recycling, incineration, composting and landfills.
  Wetlands Seminar (F) This course will examine wetlands from a variety of perspectives including biological, regulatory, and political. The physical environment (vegetation, soils and hydrology) will be discussed in depth, particularly as related to wetland definitions. Wetland regulations will also be examined.
ENST 596  Internship (F/S) Prerequisite: graduate standing in Environmental Studies or consent of instructor. Field experience with a governmental or private agency. Seminars and professional experience.
ENST 599  Independent Research (1-3 units) (F/S/Su) Prerequisite: graduate standing in Environmental Studies and consent of instructor and Program Coordinator. May be repeated for credit up to six (6) units.
ENST Project/Thesis (3 Units) Top of Page
ENST 597 Project (F/S) Prerequisite: classified status in Environmental Studies program and consent of instructor and Program Coordinator. Planning, preparation and completion of an acceptable, interdisciplinary Project. Credit on submission of project.
ENST 598 Thesis (F/S) Prerequisite: classified status in Environmental Studies program and consent of instructor and Program Coordinator. Planning, preparation and completion of an acceptable, interdisciplinary Thesis. Credit on submission of Thesis.

Extended Education (0 Units Required) Top of Page

GS 700 Continuous Enrollment through Ext. Ed Used for continuous enrollment of a student who is not eligible for a leave of absence. Students must have completed all other course work and have previously registered in ENST 597 or ENST 598.
GS 700 Continuous Enrollment at CSUF Used for continuous enrollment of a student who is not eligible for a leave of absence. Students must have completed all other course work and have previously registered in ENST 597 or ENST 598.
Cross-Disciplinary Electives (9-15 Units) Top of Page

American Studies ||| Anthropology ||| Art|||Biological Sciences ||| Chemistry & Biochemistry ||| Communications ||| Economics ||| Educational Leadership ||| Elementary & Bilingual Education ||| Engineering - General ||| Engineering - Civil ||| Engineering - Environmental ||| Engineering - Mechanical ||| English ||| Finance ||| Geography ||| Geological Sciences ||| Health Science ||| History ||| Liberal Studies ||| Physics ||| Political Science ||| Science Education ||| Secondary Teacher Education Program

American Studies (AMST) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

AMST 401T American Culture and Nature  (3) Prerequisite: AMST 201 and 301; or consent of instructor. The relationship between theory and application. Analytic readings and research. Check class schedule for topics being considered. May be repeated for credit.
AMST 416 Southern Calif. Culture (3) Regionalism as a concept and as a fact of American life. Theories of regionalism measured against a study of Southern California and one other distinct American region.
AMST 423 Search For Community (3) Prerequisite: upper-division standing. Examining the historical transformation and modern reformulation of community in America, the course emphasizes the relationship of the individual to the larger social group. Topics include: freedom, need to belong, alienation, and search for identity.
AMST 444 Built Environment (3) Prerequisite: upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines how Americans have shaped and structured space from the 17th century to the present. Emphasizes the relationship between space, place, architecture, and material culture; the interpretation of cultural landscapes and architectural styles; the changing meanings of the American home.
AMST 449 American West: Symbol and Myth (3) Prerequisite: American Studies 201 or completion of general education section on American History, Institutions, and Values. The meaning of the West to the American culture through analysis of cultural documents such as explorer and captivity narratives, fiction, art, and film. Topics include: perception of wilderness, Indians, frontiersmen, and role of the West in creating a sexist national mythology.

Anthropology (ANTH) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog 

ANTH 402 Museum Science (3) Methods, principles and techniques used in natural history, and small scientific and historical museums. Subjects covered include scope of exhibit and research collections, care and repair of specimens, acquisitions, storage and preparation of presentations in anthropological, historical, biological and paleontological museums.
ANTH 403 Archaeological Field Work (3) Prerequisite: ANTH 102 or 103 and consent of instructor. Excavation of a local archaeological site. Archaeological mapping, photography and recording. Laboratory methods of cataloging, preservation, description and interpretation of archaeological materials. Saturday field sessions. May be repeated once for credit as an elective. (1 hour lecture, 6 hours laboratory)
ANTH 409 Applied Anthropology (3) Prerequisite: ANTH 102 or consent of instructor. The uses of anthropological skills and sensitivities in approaching contemporary human problems. Cultural change, organizational development, program planning and evaluation, the consultant's role, and professional ethics.
ANTH 441 Human Variation (3) Prerequisite: ANTH 101. The processes underlying and the theories for the existence of the present variation between and within the human populations. The genetics of human populations and the significance of racial classifications. (2 hours, 3 hours laboratory)
ANTH 442 Medical Anthropology (3) Prerequisite: ANTH 101 or 102 or PSYCH 101. Human health and disease and their relationship to cultural practices, beliefs and environmental factors; histories of various diseases as factors of cultural change; health care delivery systems.
ANTH 443 Advanced Human Evolution (3) Prerequisite: ANTH 314 or 334 or consent of instructor. The application of biocultural perspective to develop an understanding of the human life course. Students will gain a better understanding of cultural diversity, health, and the form and structure of families, households and societies.
ANTH 460 Public Archaeology in California (3) An archaeological survey of California, emphasizing the examination of recent scientific excavations. Analysis of new archaeological methods, current research specializations, responsibilities of the modern archaeologist, and review of legislation affecting archaeology.
ANTH 504T Selected Topics in Anthropology (3) Prerequisite: completion of undergraduate major in Anthropology and/or graduate standing or consent of instructor. The topic chosen and a general outline of the seminar is circulated prior to registration.

Art (ART) Top of Page Course description in campus catalog

ART 420 History of Modern Architecture (3) Prerequisite: ART 201B (art majors) or ART 101 (non-art majors). Development of modern architecture. The interrelationship among architecture, technology and society, from the industrial and political revolutions of the 18th century to the present. Exploration of national differences and various approaches to city planning. (3 hours lecture)

Biological Sciences (BIO) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

BIOL 401 Biogeography (3) Prerequisite: Biology 316 or equivalent. Evolutionary patterns and mechanisms of distribution of plants and animals in the major habitats of the world. Current concepts and theories. (3 hours lecture)
BIOL 406 Biometry (4) Prerequisites: Mathematics 337 or equivalent; upper-division standing in biological sciences. Experimental design, interpretation, and application of statistics to biological problems. (3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory)
BIOL 419 Marine Ecology (3) Prerequisite: BIOL 316 or equivalent. Ecology of planktonic, nektonic and benthic organisms; their communities and environments.
BIOL 434 Industry Microbiology (3) Prerequisite: BIOL 302, 312, and 315. Current and developing applications of microbiology within the industry. Culture enhancement technology, contamination control methodology and government regulations in the production of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, energy, and in agricultural and environmental control. (2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory)
BIOL 438 Public Health Microbiology (4) Prerequisite: BIOL 302. The control and epidemiology of infectious diseases of public health importance, water and sewage microbiology. Control of current problems. (2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory)
BIOL 441 Plant Taxonomy (4) Prerequisites: BIOL 241 and 261. Classification and evolution of vascular plants; emphasis on the flowering plants. (2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory or fieldwork; weekend field trips may be required)
BIOL 442 Pollination Biology (3) Prerequisite: BIOL 316 or equivalent. Pollination in the plant kingdom. Floral cues, pollination syndromes, pollinator behavior, chemical and physical characteristics of pollination, energetics, gene flow, phenology, and ecological aspects of pollination. (2 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory or fieldwork)
BIOL 443 Plant Ecology (4) Prerequisite: BIOL 316 or equivalent. Community and population ecology of terrestrial plants. Environmental factors and plant distribution with emphasis on California vegetation. (2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory or fieldwork; weekend field trips may be required)
BIOL 444 Plant Physiology (4) Prerequisites: BIOL 241 and 261 and one semester of organic chemistry. Fundamental mechanisms of plant physiology with primary emphasis on whole plant physiology and physiological ecology. (2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory; weekend field trips may be required)
BIOL 446 Marine Phycology (4) Prerequisites: BIOL 241 and 261. Biological aspects of marine algae; comparative development, morphology, taxonomy, physiology, and ecology. (2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory or fieldwork; weekend field trips may be required)
BIOL 450 Conservation Biology (3) Prerequisite: BIOL 316 or equivalent or consent of instructor. Current topics involving theory, concepts and techniques in the conservation of biological diversity.
BIOL 474 Natural History of Vertebrates (4) Prerequisites: BIOL 241 and 261. Natural history of the vertebrates. Observation, identification, behavior, ecology and distribution of the vertebrates. (2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory or fieldwork; weekend field trips may be required)
BIOL 478 Mammalogy (4) Prerequisites: BIOL 241, 261 and 316 or equivalent. The systematics, evolution, morphology, physiology, ecology and behavior of mammals. (2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory or fieldwork, plus two weekend field trips)
BIOL 517 Seminar: Ecology (3) Prerequisite: graduate standing required. Selected advanced topics. May be repeated for credit.
  Seminar: Vernal Pools (3) Prerequisite: graduate standing required. Selected advanced topics. May be repeated for credit.

Chemistry and Biochemistry (CHEM) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

CHEM 411A Optical Spectroscopy  CHEM411A, C, E, G Instrumental Analysis (1) Prerequisites: Chemistry 315 and 316. Corequisite for 411A: Chemistry 316B or 371B or consent of instructor. Students wishing an ACS certified degree must take three units. (1 hour lecture, 3 hours laboratory for 5 weeks) 
CHEM 411A Optical Spectoscopy: UV/visible, infrared, atomic absorption, flame emission). Instructional fee required (refundable).
CHEM 411C Separations CHEM 411C Separations: High performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography. Instructional fee required (refundable).
CHEM 411E Radiochemistry CHEM 411E Radiochemistry: Course description not available at time of print.
CHEM 411G Mass Spectrometry CHEM 411G Mass Spectrometry: Conventional magnetic sector, quadrupole, Fourier transform, tandem, and time-of-flight; hyphenated techniques including gas chromatography (GC-MS), liquid chromatography (LC-MS). Instructional fee required (refundable).
CHEM 435 Chemistry of Hazardous Materials CHEM 435 Chemistry of Hazardous Materials (3) Prerequisite: CHEM 301B. An in-depth examination of hazardous chemicals; organic and inorganic air-and-moisture-sensitive compounds, reactive metals; chemical reactivity patterns; chemical compatibilities; storage and handling; methods of disposal and waste containment; federal and local regulations; case histories. (3 hours lecture)
CHEM 436 Atmospheric Chemistry CHEM 436 Atmospheric Chemistry (3) Prerequisite: CHEM 315 or consent of instructor. Chemistry and photochemistry of the troposphere and stratosphere, both natural and polluted. Includes fundamental reaction kinetics and mechanisms, monitoring techniques, smog chamber, field and modeling studies. (3 hours lecture)
CHEM 437 Environmental Water Chemistry CHEM 437 Environmental Water Chemistry (3) Prerequisite: CHEM 315. Chemical characteristics of fresh and oceanic water; major water pollutant classes, origins, environmental chemical transformations, effects, abatement, and fates; chemical methods for determining water quality, large scale processes for water treatment. (3 hours lecture)
CHEM 438 Environmental Biochemistry  CHEM 438 Environmental Biochemistry (3) 
Prerequisites: CHEM 301B plus CHEM 305. Effects of current agricultural, industrial, and mechanical practices on the composition, metabolism and health of soil, plants, animals and man, from biochemical perspective; mechanism of action and degradation of common agricultural chemicals and industrial pollutants. (3 hours lecture)

Communications (COMM) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

COMM 428 Communications and Social Change  COMM 428 Communications and Social Change (3) Prerequisites: COMM 233 and junior standing. How innovations, ideas, products, and practices perceived as new are communicated to members of a social system. The roles of adopters, opinion leaders, change agents and communications in the diffusion of innovations and consequent changes in social systems.
COMM 464 Public Relations Management COMM 464 Public Relations Management (3) 
Prerequisites: COMM 361, 362, and junior standing. Analysis of systems and strategies for planning public relations campaigns and solving/preventing problems. Individual, team case studies, in corporate development of proposals; actual use of tools in addition to role playing presentations to management.

Economics (ECON) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

ECON 411 International Trade ECON 411 International Trade (3) Prerequisites: BUAD 301, ECON 310 or 315 or equivalent. The theory of international gains from free trade, effects of tariff and non-tariff barriers, and conduct of commercial policy. The balance of payments, the theories of exchange rate determination, and other international economic issues.
ECON 461 Ecological Economics ECON 461 Ecological Economics (3) 
Prerequisites: BUAD 301, ECON 310 or 315 or equivalent. The application of economic concepts and methods to understanding the ways in which human economic behavior contributes to environmental and ecosystem degradation; the use of economic approaches to evaluate and manage these impacts; the design of sustainable economic policies.
ECON 462 Natural Resource Economics ECON 462 Natural Resource Economics (3) 
Prerequisites: BUAD 301, ECON 310 or 315 or equivalent. Concepts and principles in the application of economics to issues in natural resource economics. Issues will include uncertainty and risk in investment, depletion over time, cartelization, the role of technological innovation and government intervention related to fuels, water, land, etc.
ECON 516 Economic Benefit-Cost Analysis ECON 516 Economics and Benefit-Cost Analysis (3) Prerequisites: ECON 201 and classified graduate status in environmental studies or public administration. Economics and benefit-cost analysis of public projects. Consumer demand and the estimation of benefits; the nature of cost in a market economy; price controls, unemployment and inflation; and criteria choice, for multi-year projects. For elective credit in M.S. Environmental Studies or M.P.A.

Educational Leadership (EDAD) Top of Page Course description in campus catalog

EDAD 503 Organizational Leadership EDAD 503 Organizational Leadership (3) 
Prerequisite: admission to Preliminary Credential and/or master's program. The focus of this class is on using organizational theory and leadership studies to understand schools and how to bring about change in schools. The course includes study of the organization, structure, and cultural context of schools and the study of techniques used to guide, motivate, delegate, build consensus, and lead others in the achievement of goals.

Elementary & Bilingual Education (EDEL) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

EDEL 511 Survey of Education Research EDEL 511 Survey of Educational Research (3) Prerequisite: teaching credential or consent of instructor. Descriptive statistics and statistical inferences in educational research. Representative research papers. Principles of research design. Prepare papers using research findings.
EDEL 521 The Study of Teaching EDEL 521 The Study of Teaching (3) 
Prerequisite: EDEL 511 and teaching credential or permission of instructor. A systematic study of the teaching process. Examination of the research methodology used to analyze teaching, the current knowledge of the association between teaching processes and student learning, and the implications of the research for the classroom.
EDEL 533 Studies Elem. Education: Science EDEL 533 Graduate Studies in Elementary Education: Science (3) Prerequisite: teaching credential or consent of instructor. Seminar: research in elementary school science. The development of materials.
EDEL 536 Curriculum Theory and Development EDEL 536 Curriculum Theory and Development (3) Prerequisite: teaching credential or consent of instructor. Seminar: the school curriculum including the forces operating on the curriculum and the participants involved in curriculum building. The process of curriculum building.

Engineering - General (ENGN) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

ENGN 546 Coastal Engineering  
ENGN 559 Environmental and Public Transportation Regulations EGCE 559 Environmental & Public Transportation Regulations (3) Prerequisite: EGCE 441 or equivalent. Environmental regulations, Clean Air Act, Intermodel Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, Federal Transit Administration project planning guidelines, planning for public transit and environmental requirements, development of required environmental documents; procedure for major investment studies; future of public transportations. Project.

Engineering - Civil (ENCE) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

ENCE 436 Engineering Hydrology  EGCE 436 Engineering Hydrology (3) Corequisite: EGCE 428. Hydrologic cycle with applications to hydrologic design of engineering structures. Rainfall, stream flow, ground water, surface runoff, hydrographs, flood routing, frequency distributions and design hydrographs.
ENCE 441 Environmental Engineering EGCE 441 Environmental Engineering (3) Prerequisites: BIOL 101, or CHEM 120A and EGGN 308. Planning and control of the environment; wastewater treatment and disposal; solid waste management; air pollution; radiation protection; housing and residential environment.
ENCE 466 Public Transit System Planning EGCE 466 Public Transit Systems Planning & 
Operations (3) Prerequisite: senior standing in Civil engineering. Urban passenger transportation modes, paratransit, special modes, vehicles characteristics and motion, highway transit mode, rail transit mode new concepts, transit system performance (capacity, productivity, efficiency and utilization, organization and financing).
ENCE 481 Solid Waste Technology/Management EGCE 481 Solid Waste Technology & Management (3) Prerequisite: EGCE 441 or equivalent. Corequisite: EGCE 418. Engineering construction planning equipment and methods. Construction management. Critical path method. Construction of buildings, bridges, highways, foundations and dams. Consideration for safety and reliability.
ENCE 482 Liquid Waste Technical/Management EGCE 482 Liquid Waste Technology & Management (3) Prerequisite: EGCE 441 or equivalent. Process dynamics; reactions and kinetics; reactor engineering and process design; pretreatment operations and physical, chemical and biological treatment operations; residual management and treatment process train selection.
ENCE 515 Geo-Environmental Engineering EGCE 515 Geo-Environmental Engineering (3) Prerequisite: EGCE 436 or equivalent. Geo-environmental properties and soil action related to problems encountered in waste management engineering; physico-chemical soil properties, shear strength as applied to landfill design and lateral earth pressures on braced excavation; contaminant migration and partitioning in unsaturated soils.
ENCE 532 Earthquake Engineering EGCE 532 Earthquake Engineering (3) Prerequisites: EGCE 411 and 533 or equivalent. Earthquake motions; response spectra; computational methods and computer applications for response of structural systems. Energy absorption capacity of materials and structural components. Soil structure interaction. Seismic design and evaluation of current building codes.
ENCE 537 Groundwater and Seepage EGCE 537 Groundwater & Seepage (3) Prerequisite: EGCE 436 or equivalent. Equations governing flow of liquid in porous media. Seepage through dams and under structures, flow in confined and unconfined aquifers, steady and unsteady flow, well fields, flow nets, computer solutions, sea water intrusion, recharge, groundwater pollution.
ENCE 546 Coastal Environmental Engineering EGCE 546 Coastal Engineering (3) Prerequisites: EGCE 418 and EGCE 436 or equivalent. To introduce theories and applications in coastal engineering, coastal hydrodynamics, coastal development, planning of ports, and conceptual engineering design, tide, wave, wind, currents, littoral drift, beach erosion and sedimentation, coastal geomorphology. Port planning, location, design factors and engineering features. Preparation of construction, dredging, anchoring and dewatering. Effect of coastal engineering on environment.

Engineering - Mechanical (ENME) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

ENME 475 Acoustics and Noise Control EGME 475 Acoustics and Noise Control (3) 
Prerequisite: Physics 227. Basic phenomena on the propagation, absorption and generation of acoustic waves, specification and measurement of noise, effects of noise on speech and behavior, legal aspects of industrial and building noise, principles and application of noise control.

English (ENGL) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

ENGL 429 American Landscape in Literature ENGL 429 American Landscape in Literature (3) The American landscape in literature. Literary perception of our environment, with special attention of what perceptions of the landscape reveal about human nature.

Finance (FIN) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

FIN 454 Real Estate/Market Analysis FIN 454 Real Estate Market Analysis (3) Prerequisite: FIN 351. Factors and influences of urban growth and development. Economic factors and real estate supply and demand. Location theory and urban growth patterns. Public policy as a factor in real estate development. Analysis of real estate markets.
FIN 456 Property Development and Management FIN 456 Property Development & Management (3) Prerequisite: FIN 351. Decision making process in the property development process - from raw land to marketing and management of the completed product. Policy formulation and implementation, project feasibility analysis, financial analysis, computer assisted analysis; case studies.

Geography (GEOG) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

GEOG 422 Regional Climatology GEOG 422 Regional Climatology (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 323 or consent of instructor. Major climatic regions of the world; the physical factors that produce climatic patterns.
GEOG 425 Tropical Rainforests GEOG 425 Tropical Rainforests (3) 
Prerequisites: GEOG 110 and GEOG 325 or equivalent. Discussion/seminar examining the geography, ecology, and human use of tropical rainforests. Focus on the causes and consequences of deforestation, sustainable development, and preservation.
GEOG 426 The Coastal Environment GEOG 426 The Coastal Environment (3) 
Prerequisites: GEOG 110 and one upper-division physical geography course. An overview of coastal geomorphology, climatology, and plant geography with an emphasis on Southern California. Human interaction, modification, and management of these systems.
GEOG 452 Ecotourism GEOG 452 Ecotourism (3) Prerequisites: senior or graduate standing. Evolution and distribution of nature-based tourism. The role of ecotourism in regional development and environmental conservation. Focus on sociocultural impacts in less developed countries.
GEOG 475 Interpretation of Urban Landscapes GEOG 475 Interpretation of Urban Landscapes (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 357 or 370. In addition, consent of instructor. A geographic view of the city as a landscape composite of structure, space, place and experience. Emphasis is on the European and Northern American city.
GEOG 478 Urban Planning Principles (POSC 478) GEOG 478 Urban Planning Principles (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 370 or POSC 320 or consent of instructor. Seminar/discussion on the conceptual themes and legal foundations of American urban planning. Policy areas associate with urbanization and suburbanization processes: land use, economic development, redevelopment, housing systems, neighborhood dynamics and growth management. (Same as POSC 478)
GEOG 481 Introduction to GIS Principles GEOG 481 Geographic Information Systems: 
Introduction (3) Prerequisite: senior or graduate standing. Methods and applications of computer-assisted mapping and geographic information systems. Instructional fee. (2 hours discussion, 3 hours lab)
GEOG 482 Environmental Impact Assessment GEOG 482 Environmental Impact Assessment (3) Prerequisites: GEOG 350, 431, 478, or equivalent. Techniques relevant to environmental impact assessment in accord with CEQA (state) and NEPA (federal) regulations. Systematic evaluation of major environmental impact topics. Individual and small team activities.
GEOG 484 Urban Planning Methods (POSC 484) GEOG 484 Urban Planning Methods (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 478 or POSC 478. Seminar and Practicum on methods in urban planning. Analytical techniques and basic data sources. Population forecasting, housing surveys, economic development, fiscal impacts and area revitalization. Individual and team projects. (Same as POSC 484)
GEOG 485 GIS Applications GEOG 485 Geographic Information Systems: Principles & Applications (3) Prerequisite: GEOG 481 or equivalent. Integrated computer-assisted methods for handling spatial data, including database design, data conversion and updating, information retrieval, analysis, modeling and mapping. Instructional fee. (2 hours discussion, 3 hours lab)
GEOG 486 Environmental Remote Sensing GEOG 486 Environmental Remote Sensing (3) 
Prerequisites: GEOG 481 or consent of instructor. This course covers the fundamentals of remote sensing science and digital image processing. Focus on the science of remote sensing principles and how to process and interpret remotely sensed environmental data using image processing techniques and software.
GEOG 488 Land Use Analysis GEOG 488 Land Use Analysis (3) Prerequisites: upper-division standing and consent of instructor. Urban and rural land use and settlement; geographic field problems. Application of geographic techniques and tools to local field studies.
GEOG 520 Seminar: Physical Geography GEOG 520 Seminar in Physical Geography (3) 
Prerequisite: graduate standing or consent of instructor. Research in physical geography: methods and contemporary themes. Case studies in climatology, geomorphology, and plant geography.
GEOG 530 Seminar: (Various Topics)
Political Ecology
GEOG 530T Seminar: Selected Topics in Geography (3) Prerequisite: graduate standing or consent of instructor. Various topics selected from any of the subfields of geography. The topic chosen and a general outline of the seminar may be circulated prior to registration. May be repeated for credit.
*Political Ecology topic only: Course description not available at time of print.
GEOG 550 Seminar: Human Geography GEOG 550 Seminar in Human Geography (3) 
Prerequisite: graduate standing or consent of instructor. Survey of methodology and case studies including: experiential environments; rural landscapes; urban, social, and economic structure; geography and public policy; and Third World development.
GEOG 570 Seminar: Metropolitan Los Angeles GEOG 570 Metropolitan Los Angeles (3) 
Prerequisites: GEOG 370, 475, or 478 or equivalent. Seminar focusing on the changing spatial structure of metropolitan Los Angeles. Specific topics include economic restructuring, local economic development, the social mosaic, political fragmentation, and growth management.
GEOG 575 Landscape Interpretation GEOG 575 Landscape Interpretation (3) 
Prerequisite: GEOG 357 or 475 or equivalent. A humanistic approach to the nature and meaning of landscape.

Geological Sciences (GEOL) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

GEOL 406 Geochemistry GEOL 406 Geochemistry (3) Prerequisites: GEOL 303B and 321, CHEM 120B, MATH 150B. Basic chemical and thermodynamic principles applied to the origin and alteration of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and economic mineral deposits.
GEOL 420 Earth Science for Science Teachers GEOL 420 Earth Science for Science Teachers (3) Prerequisites: GEOL 101 and 101L plus upper-division standing or science teaching credential. Major concepts of the earth sciences with primary emphasis on physical and planetary geology and secondary emphasis on meteorology and oceanography. (3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory; field trips)
GEOL 436 Hydrogeology GEOL 436 Hydrogeology (3) Prerequisites: GEOL 335, 360, 456, or equivalent. Occurrence, movement and utilization of groundwater resources; geological, geophysical and hydrological methods for groundwater exploration and development. Well hydraulics and groundwater contamination. (2 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory; field trips)
GEOL 437 Water Quality Investigations & Control GEOL 437 Water Quality Investigations and Control (3) Prerequisites: GEOL 335; CHEM 120B. Methods in sampling strategy. Evaluation of chemical data for quantitative interpretation of water quality status and trends in surface and ground water. Techniques for graphic representation, water contamination source identification and control. (2 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory; field trips)
GEOL 460 Regional Tectonics GEOL 460 Regional Tectonics (3) Prerequisites: GEOL 303B, 360, and 321 as prerequisite or corequisite. Discussion of recent literature on plate tectonics, tectonics of the world's major orogenic belts, and tectonics of California. (3 hours lecture, Spring-recess field trip)
GEOL 470 Environmental Geology & Planning GEOL 470 Environmental Geology and Planning (4) Prerequisites: GEOL 101, 101L or GEOL 420; 401. Geologic processes, hazards, mineral and energy resources and their interaction with planning and environmental regulations. (3 hours lecture, 3 hours lab; field trips)
GEOL 481C Watershed Hydrology Field Camp GEOL 481C Hydrology Field Camp (3) Prerequisites: GEOL 335 and 481A. Geologic mapping and hydrologic mapping and techniques applied to integrated hydrogeologic model for selected areas. Field report(s), map(s), cross-sections required. Instructional fee required. (45 hours per week for three weeks during the summer)
GEOL 506T Topics In Geochemistry GEOL 506T Topics in Geochemistry (1) 
Introduction to research planning: choosing a thesis topic; bibliographic search; research design (laboratory and field); data analysis techniques; research proposal preparation. (2 hours activity)
GEOL 510T Advanced Topics in Geology GEOL 510T Advanced Topics in Geology (3) 
Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Selected topics in advanced geology; recent developments and applications. May be repeated for credit with different topic including advanced structural mapping, sedimentary basin analysis, igneous petrogenesis, and seismotectonics of Los Angeles basin. (2 hours lecture, 3 hours lab; field trips)
GEOL 535T Advanced Topics in Hydrogeology GEOL 535T Advanced Topics in Hydrogeology (3) Prerequisite: GEOL 436. Modern techniques in hydrogeology. Topics include: groundwater modeling; contaminant hydrogeology; groundwater exploration and development; well hydraulics. May be repeated for credit with a different topic. (2 hours lecture, 3 hours lab; field trips)
GEOL 575 Advanced Topics in Engineering Geology GEOL 575T Advanced Topics in Engineering Geology (3) Prerequisite: GEOL 375. Modern techniques and new advances in engineering geology. Topics include: neotectonics of Southern California; soil stratigraphy; and landslide analysis. May be repeated for credit with a different topic. (2 hours lecture, 3 hours lab; field trips)

Health Science (HESC) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

HESC 400 Program Design HESC 400 Program Design (3) Prerequisite: KNES 202 or HESC 320. This course is designed to provide the student with the skills necessary for developing, implementing, and evaluating human movement and/or health promotion programs for specific target populations. (Same as KNES 400)
HESC 401 Epidemiology HESC 401 Epidemiology (3) Prerequisites: HESC 320 and 349 or equivalent. Application of epidemiologic procedures to the understanding of the occurrence and control of infectious and chronic diseases, mental illness, environmental health hazards, accidents and geriatric problems. (Same as NURS 401)
HESC 440 Determinants of Health Behavior HESC 440 Determinants of Health Behavior (3) Prerequisites: HESC 320 or KNES 202. Survey of contemporary research on the health effect of human behavior. Introduction to theoretical foundations and practical applications of behavior in the context of health: physical, psychological, cultural and social health. Includes current issues and theories of health behavior.
HESC 460 Worksite Health Promotion HESC 460 Worksite Health Promotion (3) Prerequisites: HESC 320 or KNES 202. Examination of the philosophy rationale and guidelines for developing health promotion programs in the corporate setting. Unique considerations in assessing needs, planning and implementing programs, evaluating effectiveness and coordinating activities in the workplace as discussed. (Same as KNES 460)
HESC 461 Occupational Health and Safety HESC 461 Occupational Health and Safety (3) Prerequisite: HESC 320. Principles of occupational health including anticipation, recognition, evaluation and control of occupational hazards are presented to understand the influence of workplace hazards on human health. Occupational health laws, regulations and methods of compliance are reviewed.
HESC 475  Health Science Planning, Research and Evaluation HESC 475 Health Science Planning, Research and Evaluation (3) Prerequisite: HESC 320 and 349 or equivalent. Identification and application of concepts related to Health Science planning, research and evaluation. Includes analysis of planning and research designs applicable to health professionals as well as tools for measurement of health status at individual, community, and national levels.

History (HIST) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

HIST 408 History of California HIST 408 History of California (3) Prerequisite: completion of General Education requirement II.B. The political, economic, and social history of California from aboriginal inhabitants to the present; the development of contemporary institutions and the historical background of current issues.
HIST 478 History of Orange County HIST 478 The History of Orange County (3) Prerequisite: HIST 170B or 180 or equivalent. The history of Orange County. Stress on the process of urbanization.
HIST 479 Urbanization of American Life HIST 479 The Urbanization of American Life (3) Prerequisite: completion of General Education requirement II.B. Urban life in America; the colonial town, the western town and the industrial city.
HIST 492 Communication History HIST 492 Community History (3) Prerequisite: completion of General Education requirement II.B. Historical development of communities in general including the Orange County area. Techniques of gathering and processing local historical data, including oral interviews and other archival materials.
HIST 493 Oral History HIST 493 Oral History (3) Prerequisite: completion of General Education requirement II.B. The utilization of tape recorded interviews to document significant events in 20th-century history. Training will be given in interviewing techniques, specific background research and equipment use, after which students conduct a number of tape recorded interviews.
HIST 494 Oral History Edit./Indexing HIST 494 History and Editing (3) Prerequisite: senior standing and consent of instructor. Techniques of editing, book and photo layout, and indexing. Focuses on oral history documents but includes other historical and technical editing.

Liberal Studies (LIB) Top of Page Course description in campus catalog

LIB 488 Sr. Seminar in Environmental Studies LBST 488 Senior Seminar in Environmental Studies (3) Prerequisite: senior standing and LBST 304 or 305. An interdisciplinary seminar involving the examination and analysis of environmental problems from the perspectives of the natural sciences and the social sciences. Students participate in class discussions and write papers on environmental topics.

Mathematics (MATH) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

MATH 414 Topology MATH 414 Topology (3) Prerequisites: MATH 350. Toplogical spaces and continuous functions, connectedness and compactness, metric spaces and function spaces.
MATH 435 Mathematical Statistics MATH 435 Mathematical Statistics (3) Prerequisite: MATH 335 or equivalent. Statistical theory and its applications, based on the use of calculus.
MATH 438 Introduction to Stochastic Processes MATH 438 Introduction to Stochastic Processes (3) Prerequisite: MATH 335. Stochastic processes including Markov chains, the Poisson Process, the Weiner Process. Applications to birth and death processes and queuing theory.
MATH 440 Advanced Numerical Analysis MATH 440 Advanced Numerical Analysis (3) 
Prerequisite: MATH 340. Advanced topics in numerical analysis selected from iterative methods for linear systems, approximation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, numerical methods for ordinary and partial differential equations, optimization methods and approximation theory. Errors and convergence analysis and computer coding.
MATH 470 Advanced Mathematical Model Building MATH 470 Advanced Mathematical Model Building (3) Prerequisite: MATH 370. A continuation of MATH 370. Discrete, continuous and stochastic models utilizing methods from applied mathematics. A project suitable to the students background and interest may be required.
MATH 501A Numerical Analysis and Computation I MATH 501A Numerical Analysis & Computation I (3) Prerequisites: MATH 489A, B or consent of instructor. Numerical methods for linear and nonlinear systems of equations, eigenvalues problems, interpolation and approximation, spline functions, numerical differentiation, integration and function evaluation. Error analysis, comparison, limitations of algorithms. Must be taken concurrently with MATH 501B.
MATH 501B Numerical Analysis and Computation II MATH 501B Numerical Analysis & Computation II (3) Prerequisites: MATH 489A, B or consent of instructor. Numerical methods for initial and boundary-value problems for ordinary and partial differential equations. The finite element method. Error analysis, comparison, limitations of algorithms. Must be taken concurrently with MATH 501A.
MATH 503A Mathematical Modeling I MATH 503A Mathematical Modeling I (3) Prerequisites: MATH 489A, B or consent of instructor. Mathematical modeling concepts. Topics may include dimensional analysts, scaling, and sensitivity; system concepts, state space, observability, controllability, and feedback; dynamical systems, models and stability analysis, optimization models.
MATH 503B Mathematical Modeling II MATH 503B Mathematical Modeling II (3) 
Prerequisites: MATH 489A, B or consent of instructor. Development and analysis of mathematical models in such areas as mechanics, economic planning, operations management, environmental and ecological sciences, biology and medicine. The course includes a project, with students working in a team setting.
MATH 504A Simulation Modeling and Analysis  MATH 504A Simulation Modeling & Analysis (3) Prerequisites: MATH 501A, B; 502A, B, 503A, B and consent of instructor. Advanced techniques of simulation modeling including design of Monte Carlo, discrete event, and continuous simulations. Topics will include output data analysis, comparing alternative system configurations, variance reduction techniques, and experimental design and optimization. Must be taken concurrently with MATH 504B
MATH 504B Applications of Simulation Modeling Techniques MATH 504B Applications of Simulation Modeling Techniques (3) Prerequisites: MATH 501A, B; 502A, B, 503A, B and consent of instructor. Introduction to a modern simulation language, and its application to simulation modeling. Topics will include development of computer models to demonstrate the techniques of simulation modeling, model verification, model validation, and methods of error analysis. Must be taken concurrently with MATH 504A.

Physics (PHYS) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

PHYS 481 Experimental Physics PHYS 481 Experimental Physics (3)Prerequisites: PHYS 227, PHYS 380 recommended. Techniques and methods of experimental physics including: use of sensors, transducers, time series, power spectra, phase sensitive detection, computer interfacing and signal conditioning. Experiments cover several areas of physics. Instructional fee required. (1 hour lecture, 6 hours laboratory)

Political Science (POSC) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

POSC 403 Politics and Policy in Sacramento POSC 403 Politics and Policy in Sacramento (3) Prerequisites: completion of General Education requirement III.C.1. The nature of policy making in California's state capital. Persistent policy themes and constraints; current issues in education policy. Required three-day trip in Sacramento for seminars and policy briefings. Class times prior to Sacramento visit may vary.
POSC 414 Legislature and Politics POSC 414 Legislature and Politics (3):
The legislative process in Congress and state legislatures. Legislative behavior, policy, representation, and reform. Congressional oversight and the legislative roles of the President, bureaucracy and interest groups.
POSC 427 Policy Making: Urban Metropolitan Issues POSC 427 Policy-Making: Urban/Metropolitan Issues (3) Policy issues and alternatives in urban and metropolitan problem areas such as law enforcement, transportation, housing or poverty.
POSC 446 Corruption /Ethics/Public Policy POSC 446 Corruption, Ethics, & Public Policy (3) Ethical problems which face persons in the public service. The focus is on practical decision-making.
POSC 457 Politics of International Economics POSC 457 Politics of International Economics (3) The link between economics and international politics. The political economy of free trade and imperialism, of neo-colonialism and foreign aid.
POSC 461 UN/Public International Organizations POSC 461 The United Nations & International 
Organizations (3) Structure, functions, and political processes of the United Nations, various specialized organizations such as the World Bank, and regional organizations such as the European Community.
POSC 475 Administrative Law POSC 475 Administrative Law (3) Law as it affects public officials and agencies in their relations with private citizens and the business community. Case materials and regulatory practices.
POSC 478 Urban Planning Principles
(GEOG 478)
POSC 478 Urban Planning Principles (3)Same as Geography 478. (See GEOG 478 for description)
POSC 484 Urban Planning Methods
(GEOG 484)
POSC 484 Urban Planning Methods (3):
Same as Geography 484. (See GEOG 484 for description)
POSC 485 Women in Politics POSC 485 Women & Politics (3) The changing political environment and women's role in elected, appointed and other public agencies; issues of particular concern to women, including family issues, comparable worth and other economic issues and political participation. Not applicable for graduate degree credit. (Same as Women's Studies 485)
POSC 490 Civic Engagement and Effective Citizenship POSC 490 Civic Engagement & Community Activism (3) Prerequisites: Senior standing and consent of instructor. How community leaders and activists influence public policy. Senior seminar in which students will identify issues and work with individuals and organizations in the community to bring about change.
POSC 509 Administrative Organization & Process POSC 509 Administrative and Systems Management (3) For graduate students in public administration who have not had an introductory course in public administration. Organizational theory and practice, decision-making, systems 
analysis, performance evaluation and administrative improvement.
POSC 519 State & Local Government POSC 519 State and Local Government (3) 
The structure, processes, functions and interrelationships of state and local governments in American society. State, county, municipal and special district governments in California as compared with other states.
POSC 523 Administrative Research & Analysis POSC 523 Administrative Research Analysis (3) Conceptual methods employed in administrative research and analysis: organization and procedure of surveys, performance evaluation, social impact assessment, computer data analysis, and report writing.
POSC 525 Seminar: Metropolitan Area Government POSC 525 Seminar in Metropolitan Area Government (3) Prerequisites: a course in basic statistics and POSC 320 or 509. Political and policy issues facing metropolitan America, and the capacity of governmental institutions to handle urban problems.
POSC 528 Administration and Policy POSC 528 Seminar in Public Administration & Policy (3) Interplay between public policy and program administration in federal government. Discussion of administrators' role in policy development, administrative discretion in implementing policy, use of political resources by administrators.
POSC 540 Seminar: Readings in Political Philosophy POSC 540 Seminar Readings in Political Philosophy (3) Examination of the foundations of contemporary political science through readings in the classics of political philosophy.
POSC 580 Emergency Management in Public Administration POSC 580 Emergency Management in Public 
Administration (3) A comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in prevention, warning, evacuation, rescue and recovery systems. Covers the development of public policy relating to land use planning, recovery, issues of liability, intergovernmental relations and effective planning.

Science Education (SCED) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

SCED 410 Physical Science Concepts SCED 410 Physical Science Concepts (3) Prerequisite: completion of general education natural science requirements or consent of instructor. For elementary school teachers. Major concepts in the physical sciences. Observing, classifying, recognizing space-time relations, measuring, inferring, formulating hypotheses, controlling variables and interpreting data. (2 hours lecture, 2 hours activity)
SCED 412 Processes of Science SCED 412 Processes of Science (3) 
Prerequisites: junior or senior standing in a science major or admission to the MAT-Science graduate program. Methodologies (action research), logical procedures and explanatory systems that characterize the various natural sciences. The role of science and technology in society. (2 hours lecture, 1 hour activity, 1 hour TBA)
SCED 453 Life Science Concepts SCED 453 Life Science Concepts (3) 
Prerequisite: completion of general education requirements or consent of instructor. Biological principles using science processes appropriate for elementary teachers. (2 hours lecture, 2 hours activity)
SCED 495 Naturalist Internship SCED 495A,B Naturalist Internship (3,3) 
Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Supervised in-service training at the Tucker Wildlife Sanctuary. For the prospective biological science teacher, communications major and others interested.
SCED 550 Theoretical Designs in Science Education SCED 550 Theoretical Designs in Science Education (3) Review of major directions, designs and assumptions of science education reform such as the nature of science and scientific inquiry, scientific literacy, the National Science Education Standards, state curricular frameworks, and international and national science assessment. Emphasis will be placed on how reform affects curriculum, major curricular projects and curricular evaluation. (3 hour lecture)
SCED 554 Issues in Science Education SCED 554 Issues in Science Education (3) 
Prerequisite: graduate standing. Major contemporary issues in science education. (3 hour lecture)

Secondary Teacher Education Program (EDSC) Top of Page Course descriptions in campus catalog

EDSC 440M Multicultural Education in Public Schools EDSC 440M Multicultural Education in Public Schools (3) Key concepts, issues and terms in multi-cultural education; basic information about various ethnic groups in the United States, particularly California; and instructional approaches and strategies for teaching lessons in content areas about and/or to students from various ethnic backgrounds, particularly those who are limited in their proficiency in academic English. May be taken Credit/No Credit or for a letter grade. A "B" or better is required to receive a grade of credit.
EDSC 522 Family, Community & Professional Partnerships EDSC 522 Family, Community, & Professional 
Partnerships (3) This course examines effective teaching practices in working with diverse student populations so as to promote equal learning opportunities. Overview of successful community collaboration with service providers, business leaders, policy makers, and parents. Addresses complex diversity of families and teaching situations. Stresses importance of partnerships with professional agencies concerned with adolescents.
EDSC 536 Curriculum Theory & Development EDSC 536 Curriculum Theory & Development (3) The secondary school curriculum including the forces operating on the curriculum and the participants involved in middle and high school curriculum building. The process of curriculum building.

Mailing Address:
California State University, Fullerton
c/o Environmental Studies Office
Humanities H-420A
Fullerton, CA 92834-9480
URL: http://hss.fullerton.edu/envstud/courses.htm
Page last updated: December 20, 2004

Comments? Suggestions?

This page is maintained by the Environmental Studies Program at Cal State Fullerton. Report problems to the Webmaster. California State University, Fullerton ©2004,2005. All Rights Reserved. This site may contain links to Web sites not administered by California State University, Fullerton, or one of its divisions, schools, departments, units or programs. California State University, Fullerton, is not responsible or liable for the accuracy or the content of linked pages.